There will be a universal 50–100 scale for individual speaker points. Judges adjudicate by considering the following:
1. Content (40%)
• The logic, evidence, and relevance of arguments.
• Includes the depth of analysis, clarity of points, and direct engagement with the motion’s core issues (clash).
2. Style (30%)
• The persuasive presentation (tone, pacing, emphasis, and audience engagement).
• Clarity and coherence in speech flow, effective signposting, and rhetorical flair if appropriate.
3. Strategy (30%)
• Role fulfillment: e.g., how well a 1st speaker sets up definitions or how a 3rd speaker crystallizes the debate.
• Time usage: prioritizing major clashes, addressing important opponent points, avoiding irrelevancies.
• Responsiveness: good rebuttals, sensible focus on the most critical arguments.
For further explanation, please see below:
Scope of content
The content of a debate speech should cover the (1) arguments and (2) rebuttals and clashes. Judges will evaluate the persuasiveness of what is being presented through its logic, evidence and relevance to the motion. Points should be clear with logical consistency.
What counts as good content?
Higher marks will be given to students who have an in-depth analysis of their assertion by arguing why and how their outcome is likely, and why it is important to be considered in this world or in this debate. A more in-depth argument, such as discussing the impacts of climate change by analyzing scientific observations, economic implications, and policy options, contrasts with a less in-depth argument that might simply state, "climate change is bad," without further explanation or support.
Relevant examples and evidence should also be further explained rather than being merely stated. Strong rebuttals should effectively counter the opposition's points. Remember to note whether the debaters are directly addressing the main points of contention in the debate.
What is a good style?
A good style of a debater would include the following:
- Body language, facial expressions and hand gestures without being stiff
- A consistent and normal pace of speech
- Volume and tonal variations for emphasis
- Emotive vocabulary that are not too technical and not too lay
- Eye contact maintained with audience engagement
- Being loud (without shouting)
- Clarity and coherence in speech flow with pauses and signposting for clear transitions
- Rhetorical devices that enhance the persuasiveness of the arguments
Accents
A speakers’ accent or vocal pitch and tone will not be taken into account.
What is a good strategy?
A good strategy in debating would consist of the following:
- Arguments aligning with the motion
- Prioritising stronger and more impactful arguments
- Being consistent throughout the debate
- Good time allocation for rebuttals and arguments, particularly for the main issues
- Staying within the time limit for the whole speech
- Being able to identify and deal with the main clashes of the debate
- Each speaker being able to fulfill their roles
Roles of the speakers:
Second Speaker
The second speaker of the team can either make a new and independent argument or make an extension to the first speaker’s arguments. If they decide to make a new argument, they should dedicate enough time to the argument to properly and fully analyse it.
On the other hand, when giving extensions, they should introduce new materials which could be:
- New examples;
- Advanced stakeholder analysis;
- Additional logical links;
- New impacts;
- The importance of the argument
- How minority groups will be impacted
- New mechanism (reasoning);
- New weighing; or
- Size of group impacted
- Extent of impact
- Long term versus short term harms
- New framing of the argument
- By highlighting or downplaying certain aspects of the argument
Third Speaker
Third speakers should not introduce independent and entirely new concepts or arguments in the debate that didn’t exist earlier.
For third speakers, new material can only be introduced while responding to the opposition in the form of:
- Some additional lines of analysis;
- New examples;
- New logic;
- New lines of rebuttal or
- New ways of balancing and weighing arguments.
Late responses
A late response to an argument could also be characterised as bad strategy. For example, if the first speaker of affirmative brings up some substantive analysis but only the 3rd speaker of opposition brings it up while the 1st and 2nd speaker of the opposition do not, then the engagement would be too late and result in poor prioritisation.